Groundwater and Human Development
Challenges and Opportunities in Livelihoods and Environment
Tushaar Shah
At less than 1000 km/year, world's annual use
of groundwater is 1.5 percent of renewable
water resource but contributes a lion's share of
the global water-welfare. Sustaining the massive
welfare gains groundwater development has
created is a key water challenge today. In
exploring this challenge, we have focused a
good deal on conditions of resource
occurrence but less so on resource use.This paper offers a typology of 5 groundwater demand systems as groundwater socio-ecologies (GwSEs), each embodying a unique pattern of interactions between socio-economic and ecological variables, and each facing a distinct groundwater governance challenge.
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